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It is involved in many important processes in the body, including the formation of red blood cells, nerve function, and DNA synthesis

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Obesity disrupts the HPG axis and reproductive hormone balance and raises oxidative stress levels, resulting in reduced sperm concentration, motility, and viability, as well as increased numbers of abnormal sperm

6.5 Mitochondria as a central platform for immune signaling and pathogen recognition Mitochondria function as central hubs that integrate metabolic regulation with innate immune signaling, coordinating host defense against diverse pathogens