However, melatonin is not exclusively produced in the pineal gland, but it is also locally synthesized in several cells and tissues, such as the retina, the gastrointestinal tract, and the innate immune system 10
Then, 100 L 2-nitrobenzoic acid (DTNB, 10 mM), 200 L bovine serum albumin (BSA, 10 mM), 100 L nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH, 0.5 mM) were added to the vial and incubated at 37 C for 15 min
Curcumin activates the haem oxygenase-1 gene via regulation of Nrf2 and the antioxidant-responsive element
Specifically, p66Shc can generate ROS through the oxidation of cytochrome c by utilizing the reducing equivalents of the mitochondrial ETC, playing a crucial role in carcinogenesis and aging [44]