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Abbreviations PDT: Photodynamic therapy OSCC: Oral squamous cell carcinoma CCM: Cancer-cell membrane TME: Tumor microenvironment HNSCC: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma 5-OOH: 5-hydroperoxide GPX4: Glutathione peroxidase 4 Cho : Cholesterol alkoxyl radical MOFs: Metal-organic frameworks ROS: Reactive Oxygen Species TEM: Transmission electron microscopy XPS: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy TGA: Thermogravimetric analysis FT-IR: Fourier transform infrared AFM : Atomic force microscopy FCM: Flow cytometry EDS: Energy-dispersive spectroscopy BET: BrunauerEmmettTeller BJH: Barret-Joyner-Halenda DFT: Density functional theory DLS: Dynamic light scattering POD-like: Peroxidase-like TMB: 3,3,5,5-tetramethylbenzidine oxTMB: Oxidized TMB MB: Methylene blue OH: Hydroxyl radicals CAT: Catalase SOSG: Singlet oxygen sensor green O: Singlet oxygen HOK: Human oral keratinocyte Bio-TEM: Bio-transmission electron microscopy CLSM: Confocal laser scanning microscopy WGA: Wheat germ agglutinin CTB: Cholera toxin subunit B LDH: Lactate dehydrogenase H&E: Hematoxylin and eosin mIHC: Multiplexed immunohistochemical References Cai Y, Chai T, Nguyen W, Liu J, Xiao E, Ran X, et al

It requires an online intake, evaluation by a licensed provider affiliated with OpenLoop Healthcare Partners, PC, and fulfillment through one of Taurus's partner pharmacies if approved
Key molecular mechanisms include mitochondrial reverse electron transport activation induced by mutant proto-oncogenes KRAS/BRAF [385], oxidative inactivation of DNA repair enzymes leading to mutation accumulation [386], and constitutive activation of NRF2 pathway [387]