Key genes modulated by GHK-Cu include: Genes encoding growth factors (FGF, VEGF, TGF-) Collagen and extracellular matrix proteins (COL1A1, COL3A1, ELN) Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant enzymes (SOD, catalase) Cell adhesion and communication molecules Collagen & Extracellular Matrix Synthesis Collagen synthesis is fundamental to GHK-Cu's regenerative effects
Key findings include: Tissue Healing: Research shows that BPC-157 peptides promote the repair of muscles, tendons, and ligaments by stimulating new blood vessel growth (angiogenesis)
Cocaine abusers have an overexpression of alpha-synuclein in dopamine neurons
In a study from 1995, for example, researchers at a Parke-Davis facility in Ann Arbor, Michigan, administered the substance to rats and found that it helped protect the rodents colons from harsh chemicals administered into their intestines an hour later