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Finding the raw materials that are used to manufacture synthetic nicotine has been difficult as the companies who produce synthetic nicotine keep their processes and raw materials close to their chest, for monetary reasons (Synthetic Nicotine)

Finally, our review of feeforservice claims by providers that received Proposition 56 payments found that DHCS paid a total of $380,000 in both Proposition 56 funds and other MediCal funds to 14 providers that state and federal lists had identified as ineligible

Nat Rev Rheumatol 18 , 78 (2022)

But if enacted, Jackson said, it would make more sense from a public health perspective for the proposed tax on vapes to be implemented as a flat rate, rather than taxing higher nicotine strengths at higher rates. Correction, July 10: This article has been updated to remove an inaccurate reference to the UK Tobacco and Vapes Bill